\begin{theindex}

  \item accreditation, 91, 96
  \item Ada, i, 122, 123, 186
  \item AEG-Telefunken AG, 189
  \item agriculture, v, 28, 202
  \item Air Traffic Control, 9
  \item Aiso, Hideo, 165
  \item Albus, J., 223
  \item algorithm, 60, 89, 122, 140, 141
    \subitem Karmarkar's, 141
    \subitem Khachiyan's, 140
  \item Alvey program, 66, 104, 181--183
  \item Alvey, John, 182
  \item American Micro Devices, 212
  \item Anderson, William S., 144
  \item antitrust laws, 3, 55, 70, 73, 74, 133, 137, 146
  \item Apple Computer Company, 55, 60, 67, 93, 148--150, 174, 196
    \subitem II, 149
    \subitem IIe, 149
    \subitem III, 149
    \subitem Lisa, 60, 149
    \subitem Macintosh, 56, 149, 150
  \item Archbold, Pamela, 229
  \item Argentina, 33, 34
  \item Argonne National Laboratory, 126
  \item ARPANET, 116
  \item artificial intelligence, 3, 11, 20, 27, 28, 34, 42--45, 116, 
		131, 136, 154, 162, 163, 167, 178, 180, 184, 185, 194
  \item Asia, vi, 25, 63, 78, 87, 94, 174, 175, 190, 195
  \item Association for Computing Machinery, vii, 43, 102, 135, 139
  \item AT\&T, 42, 67, 136--138, 140, 152, 185
  \item atomic bomb, 52, 53, 105
  \item Austria, 177
  \item automobile, 7, 25, 35, 68, 72, 173, 193, 201, 205, 206

  \indexspace

  \item Babbage, Charles, 103, 122
  \item balance of trade, 77--80, 132, 133, 212
  \item ballistic missile defense, 115, 119
  \item ballistic transport, 135
  \item Barzini, Luigi, 221
  \item Bauer, R., 229
  \item Baxter, William~F., 74, 224
  \item Beardsley, Tim, 228
  \item Bechtolsheim, Andy, 93
  \item Beckurts, Karl Heinz, 188
  \item Belgium, 188
  \item Bell Communication Research, 140
  \item Bell Laboratories, i, 136, 138--141, 171
  \item Bell, Alexander Graham, 90, 136
  \item Bell, Eric~T., 27, 222
  \item Bentley, J., 222
  \item Bergamini, David, 75, 224
  \item Berne Convention, 61
  \item Bethe, Hans, 105
  \item Big Dragon, 190, 192
  \item Binford, T., 223
  \item Bingaman, Senator Jeff, 208
  \item biotechnology, 13--15, 54, 95
  \item bit, 36--38, 134, 135, 188, 189
  \item Bloch, Erich, 126, 225
  \item Blomstrom, R.~L., 221
  \item Boeing 707 airplane, 216
  \item Boeing Aircraft Corporation, 48, 173
  \item Borrus, Michael, 223, 225
  \item Boyd, Gerald~M., 230
  \item Brady, M., 223
  \item Brandin, David~H., vii, viii, 222, 231
  \item Brandin, Ellen, viii
  \item British Telecom, 182, 185
  \item Brodie, Ivor, 222
  \item Brookes, Warren~T., 231
  \item Brookhaven National Laboratory, 126
  \item Brooks, Harvey, 226
  \item Brown, Representative George~E., 212
  \item Buchanan, Ian, vii
  \item Bull, 147, 168, 178, 185--187
  \item BUNCH, 143--145
  \item Burroughs, 143, 145, 146
  \item bushido, 83
  \item byte, 36--38

  \indexspace

  \item Canon Inc., 150
  \item Capasso, F., 229
  \item capital, vi, 7, 16, 17, 49, 74--77, 104, 113, 130, 153, 158, 
		193, 202, 208, 210, 212
  \item capitalism, v
  \item Caplan, N., 223
  \item Carnegie-Mellon University, 123
  \item Carter, President Jimmy, 8
  \item Central Intelligence Agency, 65, 153
  \item Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, 185
  \item Cezar Industries, Ltd., vii
  \item Chandler, A.~R., 223
  \item Chen, Pehong, vii
  \item China, vii, 61, 101--103, 127, 190--192, 195, 196
    \subitem Cultural Revolution, 10, 101, 102, 190
  \item Chirac, Premier Jacques, 185
  \item Chrysler Corporation, 205
  \item Churchill, Winston, 84, 225
  \item Cie. Generale de L'\'Electricit\'e, 176, 185
  \item Clark, Don, 231
  \item Clarke, Arthur~C., 221
  \item Codd, Ted, 135
  \item Cohen, Steven, 206
  \item Coker, John, vii
  \item Collins, D., 229
  \item Colmerauer, Alain, 186
  \item Commodity Control List, 64, 65
  \item communications, 6, 7, 9, 25, 34, 42, 55, 116, 137, 138, 
		140, 141, 145, 146, 151, 167, 168, 171, 172, 178, 180, 
		184, 187, 188, 194
    \subitem optical, 22
  \item compiler, 41, 123
  \item computational science, 39, 125
  \item computer, 3, 5, 7--9, 18, 33--44, 48, 49, 55, 63, 64, 72, 102, 
		116, 122, 123, 127, 128, 131, 132, 134, 138, 139, 
		141, 142, 145, 146, 148, 150, 151, 161, 163, 167, 168, 
		172, 193
    \subitem address, 35, 36
    \subitem architecture, 10, 26, 34, 35, 77, 116, 120, 129, 154, 156, 
		162, 164, 167--169, 179, 187, 188
    \subitem literacy, 5, 195
    \subitem MARK I, 132
    \subitem memory, 35, 37, 38, 41, 152, 164
    \subitem personal, 37, 38, 64, 133, 139, 142, 149, 152, 174, 188, 
		193, 203
    \subitem VAX, 141, 168
  \item computer science, vii, 5, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 92, 93, 102, 103, 
		105, 109, 116, 119, 126, 127, 131, 136, 140, 154, 155, 
		160, 184
  \item computer-aided design, 47, 124, 154, 155, 162, 170, 172, 183, 
		195
  \item computer-aided engineering, 47
  \item computer-aided manufacturing, 47, 48, 170, 195
  \item computer-aided process planning, 47
  \item computer-integrated manufacturing, 47, 49, 173, 176
  \item Control Data Corp., 143, 146, 153
  \item Coordinating Committee, 65, 66, 180
  \item copyright, 59--62, 150, 196
  \item Crawford, Mark, 221
  \item Cray Research, 127, 146
  \item Cray, Seymour, 40
  \item creativity, 19, 22, 23, 27, 90, 106, 209
  \item cryptology, 18, 60
  \item Cullinan, Terrence, 222

  \indexspace

  \item Daewoo Telecom, 193
  \item DARPA, vii, 115--118, 126, 182, 185, 220
  \item Davis III, G.~Gervaise, 223
  \item Davis, K., 221
  \item de Vignemont, Minister C., 186
  \item deficit
    \subitem budget, 202, 205, 208, 213
    \subitem trade, 202, 208, 212--214
  \item degrees
    \subitem bachelor's, 99, 100
    \subitem doctoral, 92, 93, 100, 103, 104, 106, 107
    \subitem master's, 92, 93, 97, 100, 103, 124
  \item denationalization, 185
  \item Department of Commerce, vii, 4, 14, 61, 63, 65, 72, 73, 81, 127, 
		133, 153, 211
  \item Department of Commerce and Technology (DCT), 211
  \item Department of Defense, i, vii, 3, 8, 42, 64--66, 72, 73, 94, 
		113--116, 120--124, 126--128, 130, 133, 208, 210, 211, 
		216, 218
  \item Department of Education, 62
  \item Department of Energy, 65, 126--128
  \item Department of Justice, 3, 7, 74, 133, 137, 153
  \item Department of State, 64, 65, 127, 210
  \item Diamond, S., 231
  \item Digital Equipment Corporation, 67, 139, 141--144, 152, 168
    \subitem PDP-7, 139
    \subitem PDP-8, 141
    \subitem VAX, 141, 142, 168
  \item Direction de Recherche d'\'Etudes et Technique, 185
  \item Doigan, Paul, 226
  \item Donlon, J.~P., 229
  \item Dornier, 188
  \item Dreyfus, Herbert~L., 223
  \item Dreyfus, Stuart~E., 223
  \item Dutch Learning, 58
  \item dynamic RAM, 37, 135, 193

  \indexspace

  \item Eastman Kodak Company, 150, 172
  \item Eastman, George, 90
  \item ECRC, 178, 179, 183, 188
  \item Edison, Thomas A., 90
  \item education, vi, 5, 11, 19, 29, 52, 69, 89--93, 95--98, 100--110, 
		124, 125, 190, 201--206, 210, 212, 218--220
    \subitem continuing, 97, 109
    \subitem engineering, 91, 92, 94, 96, 98--100, 103, 105, 107, 108, 
		110, 125
  \item Einstein, Albert, 52, 105
  \item Electro-Communications Laboratories, 160, 171, 172
  \item Electro-Technical Laboratories, 138, 159, 160, 164
  \item employment, 4, 6, 13, 15, 16, 24, 76, 81, 108, 109, 196, 210, 
		213
    \subitem lifetime, 84, 108, 109
  \item encryption, 9, 65
  \item engineering, vi, 3, 11, 14, 15, 24, 37, 40, 49, 53, 84, 92, 93, 
		96, 97, 100, 108, 115, 125, 126, 128, 134
    \subitem education, 91, 94, 96, 108, 109
    \subitem faculty, 92--94, 214, 219
  \item Esaki, Leo, 23
  \item ESPRIT, vii, 3, 28, 176--178, 181, 183, 188, 189
  \item Etzold, Thomas~H., 227
  \item Eureka, 178--180
  \item Eurobot, 180
  \item Eurocom, 180
  \item Europe, vi, vii, 4, 6, 13, 16, 21, 24, 26--29, 44, 49, 53, 66, 
		78, 80, 82, 86, 101, 109, 113, 127, 133, 162, 175--181, 
		188, 189, 204, 214
  \item European Economic Community, 3, 28, 79, 176, 177
  \item Ewing, Tom, 229
  \item exchange rate, 75--78
  \item expert systems, 45, 46, 116, 117, 154, 161, 178, 179, 187, 194
  \item export control, 4, 64--66, 217
  \item exports, 57, 63--66, 76, 77, 79, 157, 174, 180, 191, 217

  \indexspace

  \item Fagen, M.~D., 228
  \item Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corporation, 80, 167
  \item Federal Automatic Data Processing Reorganization Study, 8
  \item Federal Aviation Agency, 9
  \item Federal Bureau of Investigation, 169
  \item Federal Communications Commission, 54, 137
  \item Feigenbaum, Edward, 222
  \item Ferranti, 184
  \item Fifth Generation Computer Program, vii, 18, 20, 156, 161, 163, 
		165, 176, 181
  \item Finland, 177
  \item Fisher, Franklin~M., 221
  \item Fishman, Katherine~D., 147, 229
  \item flexible manufacturing systems, 47, 48
  \item Food and Drug Administration, 54
  \item FORTRAN, 39
  \item France, 29, 57, 68, 79, 91, 96, 106, 107, 109, 172, 180, 181, 
		184--186
    \subitem Ministry of Defense, 185
  \item Franck, James, 105
  \item Fuchi, Kazuhiro, 162, 163
  \item Fuji Xerox, 151
  \item Fujitsu, 37, 80, 158, 164, 167, 168, 173, 204

  \indexspace

  \item Gallaire, Herv\'e, 179
  \item gallium arsenide, 118, 119, 164, 172, 182, 184
  \item Gannon, T., 222
  \item Gartner Group, 132, 133
  \item General Electric Company, 138, 143, 146, 197
  \item General Electric Company (UK), 183, 184
  \item General Motors, 131, 173, 202
  \item Gephardt amendment, 214
  \item Gephardt, Representative Richard~A., 214
  \item German mark, 208
  \item Germany, 16, 33, 53, 57, 58, 72, 82, 91, 105, 106, 109, 180, 
		186--189, 208
    \subitem BMFT, 187, 188
    \subitem Bundespost, 188
  \item Gilchrist, Bruce, 224
  \item Glenn, Senator John, 209, 212, 231
  \item Goldberg, Adele J., vii
  \item graduate schools of business, 104, 207
  \item Graham, Susan L., viii
  \item Gramm-Rudman bill, 206
  \item Grayson, Lawrence~P., 225
  \item Great Britain, 4, 16, 19, 26, 27, 33, 58, 78, 79, 92, 103, 104, 
		109, 180--184, 186, 190
    \subitem Department of Trade and Industry, 182, 211
    \subitem Ministry of Defense, 18, 182
    \subitem Very High Performance Integrated Circuit Program, 5, 182
  \item Greenhouse, Linda, 231
  \item Greenwood, Joel~E., 221
  \item gross national product, 17, 85, 130, 191, 192, 195, 217
  \item Groupe de Recherche Coordonn\'e, 185
  \item GTE, 167, 188, 197

  \indexspace

  \item hardware, 11, 18, 34, 35, 37, 39--42, 60, 64, 77, 123, 132, 134, 
		141, 143--145, 147, 162, 167, 169
  \item Harrison, Michael~A., vii, viii, 222, 227
  \item Harrison, Susan G., viii
  \item Harvard University, 92, 98, 132
  \item Hegg, Warren, 222
  \item Hess, K., 229
  \item Hewlett-Packard, 67, 144, 147, 148
  \item Hillkirk, John, 229
  \item Hirschon, Michael~Wels, 224
  \item Hitachi, 37, 158, 164, 167--169, 173
  \item Hodges, Parker, 229
  \item Hokaido University, 98
  \item Honeywell, 143, 146, 147, 168, 187
  \item Hong Kong, 61, 192, 195, 196
  \item Hunter, Philip, 228
  \item hydrogen bomb, 105

  \indexspace

  \item Iacocca, Lee, 73, 224
  \item IBM, 3, 7, 14, 23, 26, 40, 55, 56, 67, 71, 73, 89, 130--136, 
		139, 141--147, 150--152, 159, 167--169, 185, 186, 188
    \subitem 3380 disk unit, 134
    \subitem compatibility, 26, 40, 64, 132, 143--146, 149, 168
    \subitem Fellow, 135
    \subitem Research Centers, 134, 136
      \subsubitem San Jose, 134, 135
    \subitem System 360, 132, 147
  \item Iceland, 177
  \item Ichbiah, Jean, 186
  \item ICOT, vii, 160--163, 166, 170, 173
  \item imports, 76, 77, 79, 206, 209
  \item India, 19, 92
  \item Indonesia, 61
  \item Industrial Revolution, 175, 208
  \item Informatik, 105
  \item information technology, v--vii, 3, 5--9, 14, 18, 20, 27, 33, 34, 
		72--75, 77, 103, 113, 118, 120, 121, 125, 131, 132, 
		153, 158, 160, 163, 169, 171, 173, 176, 180, 181, 184, 
		186, 189, 192, 194, 195
  \item Inman, Admiral Bobby R., 67, 153--155
  \item INMOS, 184
  \item innovation, 13, 15, 18, 21--23, 27, 53--56, 61, 73, 90, 109, 
		135--137, 148, 152, 183, 197, 201, 205, 209
  \item Inst. for New Generation Computer Technology, 179, 182
  \item integrated circuits, 36, 124, 170, 182, 196
  \item intellectual property, 67, 74, 194
    \subitem laws, vi, 26, 58, 59, 62, 150, 169
    \subitem rights, 26, 61, 67, 150, 169, 194, 210
  \item International Computers Ltd., 4, 178, 183, 186, 190, 213
  \item International Telephone and Telegraph, 183, 193, 197
  \item International Trade Commission, 73, 81, 213
  \item International Traffic in Arms Regulations, 3, 65
  \item Israel, 57, 195
  \item Italy, 188

  \indexspace

  \item Jacob, Jean Paul, vii
  \item Jacobs, Michael A., vii
  \item Jacobson, Gary, 229
  \item Japan, vii, 3--6, 13, 15--17, 19--22, 24--26, 28, 29, 39, 40, 
		49, 54, 62, 63, 65--68, 70--73, 75, 76, 78--86, 91, 
		97--101, 103, 104, 108--110, 113, 119, 130, 138, 150, 
		157--160, 162, 163, 165--176, 180, 183, 190--195, 
		203--206, 209, 212--214
    \subitem Incorporated, 72
    \subitem National Superspeed Computer Project, 163, 164
    \subitem Next Generation Industries Program, 165
    \subitem robots, 49
    \subitem Science and Technology Agency, 166
  \item Jefferson, Thomas, 29, 177
  \item Jobs, Steve, 149
  \item Johnson, Chalmers, 71, 83, 224
  \item Jonas, Norman, 230
  \item Joy, William N., 93, 152
  \item JTECH, 14, 19, 22, 166, 206

  \indexspace

  \item Kahn, David, 223
  \item Kahn, Robert E., vii, 220
  \item Karmarkar, Narendra, 140, 141
  \item Kato, K., 225
  \item Keio University, 159, 165
  \item Kelly, Erin A., vii
  \item Kelly, Joseph, vii
  \item Kitihara, Eiji, 222
  \item knowledge engineering, 3, 161, 167, 169
  \item knowledge-based systems, 45, 46, 179, 182, 185, 194
  \item Kobayashi, Hishashi, vii
  \item Kraar, Louis, 230
  \item Kroger, H., 229
  \item Kuo, Franklin F., vii
  \item Kurihara, T., 228
  \item Kutcher, M., 223
  \item Kyoto University, 98, 99, 159
  \item Kyushu University, 98

  \indexspace

  \item Land, Edward, 90
  \item Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 126, 128
  \item level playing field, 209
  \item Libya, 66, 215
  \item license
    \subitem general, 64
    \subitem validated, 64
  \item Lieblein, Edward, 227
  \item Lighthill, Sir James, 27, 28
  \item linear programming, 140, 141
  \item Little Dragons, 192, 195, 196
  \item Lohr, Steve, 222
  \item Los Alamos National Laboratories, 126, 160
  \item Lovelace, Countess Augusta Ada Byron, 103, 122
  \item Lulin, Gao, 230

  \indexspace

  \item MacArthur, General Douglas, 70
  \item machine inference, 45, 162
  \item machine language, 40, 41, 59
  \item machines, thinking, 43--45
  \item MacVicar-Whelan, P.~J., 223
  \item Malaysia, 19, 190, 196
  \item Malik, Rex, 133, 228
  \item marketshare, 6, 7, 11, 27, 74, 81, 82, 110, 132, 133, 142, 
		144, 145, 147, 150, 151, 155, 157, 159, 167, 168, 172, 
		175, 183, 189, 205, 209, 210, 217
  \item Matsubara, Tomoo, 229
  \item Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., 82, 158
  \item McCarrell, Jeff, vii
  \item McCarthy, John, 46
  \item McClellan, Stephen~T., 19, 221
  \item McCorduck, Pamela, 222
  \item McGowen, John~J., 221
  \item McKenna, Regis, 149, 229
  \item mechatronics, 14, 47
  \item Meiji Period, 58, 100
  \item Memorex, 197
  \item Mexico, 84
  \item microelectronics, 9--11, 14, 16, 36, 37, 80, 82, 125, 154--156, 
		165, 167, 172, 173, 176, 177, 180, 182, 184, 189, 
		193, 194, 196, 213
  \item Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation, 74, 146, 
		154, 155, 177, 179
  \item Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, 74, 155, 156
  \item Military Critical Technologies List (MCTL), 64, 65
  \item Miller, G.~L., 223
  \item Miller, Judith, 226
  \item Miller, William F., vii
  \item Millstein, James, 223, 225
  \item minicomputer, 37, 141, 142, 144, 147, 148, 151
  \item Ministry of Education, 159
  \item Ministry of Intl. Trade and Industry (MITI), 21, 62, 70--73, 83, 
		85, 98, 158--168, 170, 171, 173, 182, 194, 208, 211
  \item missile, 33, 34, 115, 117, 119, 204, 208
  \item MIT, 95
  \item Mitsubishi Electric Company, 158, 159, 162, 164, 170
  \item Mitterrand, President Fran\c cois, 184, 186
  \item moon, 205, 207
  \item Morris, J., 223
  \item Moto-Oka, Tohru, i, 20, 163, 165
  \item Motorola, 152
  \item Mu Program, 166
  \item Murakami, Kunio, 222
  \item Murray, Julius, 222

  \indexspace

  \item Nagao, Makoto, 229
  \item Nagoya University, 98
  \item Nakasone, Prime Minister Yasuhiro, 204
  \item National Academy of Sciences, vii, 28, 64, 217
  \item National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 65, 113, 
		115, 121, 216
  \item National Bureau of Standards, 159, 160, 211
  \item National Cash Register Company, 143, 144, 146
  \item national debt, 204
  \item National Productivity and Innovation Act, 74
  \item National Science Foundation, vii, 95, 113, 125, 126, 163, 211
    \subitem CISE Program, 125, 126
    \subitem Engineering Research Centers, 95
    \subitem Presidential Young Investigators, 125
  \item National Security Agency, 9, 153
  \item Nazis, 107
  \item NEC, 14, 37, 138, 147, 153, 158, 159, 164, 168, 173, 187, 189
  \item Nevins, J., 223
  \item New Zealand, 79
  \item Nippon Telephone and Telegraph, 37, 138, 160, 168, 171, 172, 
		178, 185
    \subitem information network system, 171, 172, 178, 185
  \item Nishida, Toyoaki, 229
  \item Nishizawa, Junichi, 22, 23, 222
  \item Nixdorf Computers, 187, 189
  \item Nixon, President Richard M., 207
  \item Nobel Prize, 5, 23, 90, 205
  \item Nordheim, Lothar W., 105
  \item Norris, William C., 153, 154
  \item North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 28, 114, 119, 180, 183
  \item Norway, 53, 177
  \item Novak, William, 224
  \item numerical control, 48

  \indexspace

  \item Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 126
  \item Oki Electric Company, 37, 158, 159, 164
  \item Olivetti SPA, 189
  \item Olsen, Kenneth H., 141
  \item optics, 15, 194
  \item optoelectronics, 14, 15, 166, 171, 180
    \subitem Joint Research Laboratory, 166
  \item Osaka University, 98
  \item Ouichi, William, 229

  \indexspace

  \item Panama, 84
  \item patent, 22, 23, 59--61, 71, 90, 139, 155
    \subitem law, 191
    \subitem Patent Secrecy act, 60
  \item Pearl Harbor, 220
  \item Perle, Richard, 217
  \item Perot, H. Ross, 202
  \item personal sequential inference machine, 162, 170
  \item Philco Corporation, 138
  \item Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, 189
  \item physics, 13, 23, 39, 57, 90, 91, 105, 106, 120, 128
    \subitem nuclear, 52, 53, 58, 127, 188
    \subitem solid state, 140
    \subitem surface, 135
  \item Pilot's Associate, 117
  \item Plato system, 146
  \item Plessey Company Ltd., 184
  \item plutonium, 53
  \item Port, Otis, 230
  \item Presidential Science Advisor, 207
  \item Prestowitz, Clyde, vii
  \item privatization, 185, 187
  \item Procter, Steven, vii
  \item professional societies, 97
  \item PROLOG, 162, 186
  \item Prospector, 45, 46
  \item prototype, 26, 37, 124, 128
  \item PTT, 29, 185
  \item Public Crypto. Study Group, 60

  \indexspace

  \item Rabinowitch, Eugene, 105
  \item RACE, 178
  \item Radio Corporation of America, 138, 143, 145, 197
  \item RAM, 16, 17, 83, 135, 184, 188
  \item RAMAC, 134
  \item Reagan administration, 134
  \item Reagan, President Ronald, 66, 118, 126, 128, 133, 203, 207, 216, 
		218, 219
  \item Reischauer, Edwin~O., 221
  \item relational database, 135, 185
  \item Republic of Korea, 19, 25, 78, 82, 190, 192--194, 203, 204, 213
  \item research and development, 7, 18, 20, 21, 39, 73, 81, 85, 91, 95, 
		104, 115, 128, 130, 134, 154, 155, 158, 159, 167, 170, 
		172, 173, 181, 186--188, 191, 195, 196, 211, 215, 216
  \item research support
    \subitem computing, 116, 128, 129
  \item Research Triangle Institute, 155
  \item Ricoh Inc., 150
  \item Riganati, J., 222
  \item Ris, F., 222
  \item Ritchie, Dennis~M., 139, 228
  \item Robinson, Arthur~L., 228
  \item robotics, 14, 15, 28, 47--49, 95, 125, 158, 180, 185, 187, 194, 
		203
  \item Roosevelt, President Franklin, 105
  \item Rositzke, Harry, 224
  \item Rossol, L., 223
  \item Roubine, Olivier, vii
  \item Roy, Rustum, 96, 226
  \item Rubin, Harry, vii
  \item Rudman, Senator Warren B., 206, 208
  \item Rudzinski, Joe, 222
  \item Russian Revolution, 220

  \indexspace

  \item Sanders, Jerry, 212
  \item Sandia National Laboratory, 126
  \item savings, 6, 75
  \item Scace, R., 229
  \item SCAP, 70, 71
  \item Schutz, K., 223
  \item Scientific Data Systems, 151
  \item scientists and engineers
    \subitem demographics of, 89, 91, 92, 94, 100, 103, 107, 195
  \item semiconductor manufacturers
    \subitem merchant, 17, 212
  \item Semiconductor Research Corporation, 155
  \item service economy, 7, 202, 204, 207
  \item Seven Dwarfs, 143
  \item Shapley, Deborah, 96, 226
  \item Siemens, 178, 186--189
  \item Sigma Program, 165, 166
  \item Silicon Valley, 134, 147, 209
  \item Simpson, Janice~C., 225
  \item Singapore, 19, 61, 62, 110, 190, 192, 194--196
    \subitem National Computer Board, 62, 194
  \item Smith, Bruce~L., 225
  \item Smith, R., 227
  \item Smits, F.~M., 228
  \item smokestack industries, 4, 201
  \item Snyder, Robert~G., 226
  \item software, 9, 11, 15, 18, 19, 25, 26, 34, 39--42, 47, 59--64, 67, 
		89, 119--124, 132, 133, 135, 140, 144, 148--150, 152, 
		154, 162, 165, 168, 169, 174, 176, 186, 194, 195
    \subitem custom, 19
    \subitem engineering, 10, 38, 40, 97, 123, 124, 165--168, 170, 177, 
		182, 184, 185
    \subitem market, 6, 19, 121, 133, 195
      \subsubitem Japanese, 19, 165--167
    \subitem protection, 59, 60, 62, 150
    \subitem supercomputer, 39, 40
  \item Software Engineering Institute, 123
  \item Software Productivity Consortium, 74
  \item Sollorzano, Lucia, 230
  \item Solomon, Ezra, 222
  \item Solomon, Steven, 231
  \item Sondheimer, N., 222
  \item Sony, 23
  \item South Africa, 66
  \item Soviet Union, 5, 33, 58, 64, 84, 91, 114, 127, 180, 191, 214, 
		220
  \item Spencer, William~J., 56, 223
  \item Sperry Univac, 143, 145, 146, 188, 197
  \item Spicer, W., 229
  \item spinoff, 216, 217
  \item SRI International, viii
  \item standard of living, v, 4, 16, 193, 194, 205
  \item standards, 24, 28, 41, 59, 122, 133, 175, 177
  \item Stanford University, 46, 95, 169
  \item STARS Program, 123, 124
  \item steel, 72, 75, 158, 159, 201, 209
  \item Stern, Jacques, 187
  \item Strategic Computing Initiative, vii, 116, 117
  \item Strategic Defense Initiative, vii, 9, 39, 43, 118--121, 130, 
		179, 180, 188, 216
  \item Sumitomo Steel, 158
  \item Sun Microsystems Inc., i, 93, 142, 148, 151, 152, 174
  \item supercollider, 205, 216
  \item supercomputer, 9, 35, 38--40, 125, 127, 128, 146, 165, 168, 180
  \item Sweden, 177
  \item Switzerland, 134, 177
  \item System R, 135
  \item Szilard, Leo, 105

  \indexspace

  \item Taiwan, 19, 61, 188, 190, 192, 195
  \item Tajima, Denji, 229
  \item Technical University of Munich, 105
  \item technology transfer, 11, 21, 24, 50, 51, 53--59, 61, 66, 67, 85, 
		108, 122--124, 128, 136, 139--141, 143, 147, 150, 152, 
		154, 155, 160, 179, 214, 215, 219
  \item Telecki, George, vii
  \item telecommunications, 25, 65, 82, 95, 172, 178, 186, 188, 
		194, 195
  \item TELENET, 116
  \item Telex Corporation, 197
  \item Teller, Edward, 105
  \item Teng, Teng, 230
  \item Thompson, Ken, 139
  \item Thompson-Brandt, 185
  \item Thorn EMI, 184
  \item Thurow, Lester~C., 231
  \item thyristor, 23
  \item Tohoku University, 98
  \item Tolchin, Martin, 231
  \item Toshiba, 37, 158, 159, 161, 164, 169, 170
  \item TOW missile, 204
  \item trade secret, 59--61
  \item trademark, 59
  \item transistor, 14, 36, 37, 139, 145, 161
  \item TRW, 131, 167
  \item Tsujii, Junichi, 229
  \item Tsukuba, 159, 160
  \item Tuchman, Barbara~W., 225
  \item Turing
    \subitem award, 135, 139
    \subitem test, 43
  \item Turing, Alan, 43, 103
  \item Turner, Fran Peche, vii
  \item Tzu, Sun, 222

  \indexspace

  \item unemployment, vi, 4, 6, 19, 76, 101, 110, 174, 202--204, 220
  \item Unisys, 142, 143, 145, 146
  \item United States, v--vii, 3--6, 8, 11, 15--29, 39, 40, 48, 49, 
		53, 54, 57--59, 61, 63--68, 71--74, 77, 78, 80--85, 
		89--96, 98--106, 108--110, 113, 114, 116, 119, 120, 
		126, 130, 133, 136, 140, 141, 143, 153, 155, 159, 
		162, 163, 167--169, 172, 173, 175, 179, 183--186, 189, 
		192, 193, 195, 196, 201--203, 205, 207--209, 212--215, 
		218, 220
    \subitem Army, 8
    \subitem Congress, 154, 212, 214, 218
    \subitem Constitution, 59
    \subitem procurement system, 75, 123, 124
    \subitem Senate, 66, 84, 212
  \item United States versus IBM suit, 73, 89
  \item UNIVAC, 131, 145, 159
    \subitem Model I, 8, 145
  \item Universal Copyright Convention, 61
  \item University of Berlin, 105
  \item University of California at Berkeley, vii, 57, 93, 99, 152
  \item University of Erlangen, 105
  \item University of Karlsruhe, 105
  \item University of Saarbr\"ucken, 105
  \item University of Tokyo, 70, 98, 159
  \item University of Tsukuba, 159
  \item UNIX operating system, 139, 146, 152, 168
    \subitem 4.2 BSD, 152
    \subitem System V, 152
  \item uranium, 46, 52, 53

  \indexspace

  \item venture capital, 61, 109, 151, 191
  \item VHSIC, 124
  \item videoconferencing, 188
  \item Vietnam War, vi, 94
  \item Vliet, J.~C. van, 227
  \item VLSI, 77, 161, 162, 170--172, 177, 182, 184, 188, 193, 195
  \item Vogel, Ezra, 227
  \item von Neumann architecture, 35
  \item von Neumann, John, 35

  \indexspace

  \item Waldrop, M.~Mitchell, 227
  \item Wang Computers, 97
  \item Wang Institute, 97
  \item Wang, An, 97
  \item war, v
    \subitem conventional, v, 33, 67, 107, 113, 114
    \subitem nuclear, v, 113, 119
    \subitem technology, v
    \subitem Technology War, v, vi, 5, 10, 13, 17, 20, 21, 25, 29, 
		33, 34, 43, 44, 47, 49--51, 65, 67, 71, 74, 77, 81, 83, 
		86, 87, 89, 97, 102--104, 106, 107, 109, 110, 113, 114, 
		120, 121, 131, 134, 138, 142, 143, 146, 147, 150, 152, 
		157, 158, 161, 166, 169, 174, 175, 177, 178, 183, 186, 
		188--190, 193, 196, 197, 201, 202, 205--208, 210--212, 
		215, 217--220
  \item Watergate, 220
  \item Watson, Sr., Thomas J., 146
  \item weapons, v, vi, 8, 9, 21, 33, 34, 39, 43, 52, 53, 60, 67, 114, 
		117, 118, 124, 128, 214, 218
    \subitem nuclear, 8, 34, 39, 53, 118, 119
  \item Weidenbaum, Murray~L., 225
  \item Wessel, Milton~R., 224
  \item White House, 126, 207, 211, 219
    \subitem Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), 211
  \item Wieder, H., 229
  \item Willenbrock, F.~Karl, 226
  \item Wilson, John~W. , 230
  \item workstation, 38, 55, 77, 142, 148, 151, 152, 170, 174, 189
  \item World War II, v, 5, 8--10, 16, 18--20, 33, 35, 53, 58, 70, 75, 
		94, 105, 114, 128, 132, 157, 201, 211
  \item Wozniak, Stephen, 93
  \item Wright, Speaker James~C., 218
  \item Wriston, Walter~B., 221

  \indexspace

  \item xerography, 90
  \item Xerox, 55, 56, 136, 138, 142, 147--151, 172, 173
    \subitem 914 copier, 150
    \subitem copiers, 55, 150, 151, 173
    \subitem Palo Alto Research Center, 55, 56, 60, 136, 149, 151
    \subitem STAR computer, 55, 151

  \indexspace

  \item yen, 71, 76, 78--80, 167, 174, 212, 213
  \item Yukuta, Toshio, 222

  \indexspace

  \item Zhaoxiang, Xu, 230
  \item ZyMos, 193, 197
  \item Zysman, John, 223, 225

\end{theindex}