%% This is file cjeguide.tex %% 2023/10/26 v1.07 %% ========= %% %% COPYRIGHT (c) 2023 Canadian Economics Association %% %% LICENSE %% ======= %% %% This work can be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, %% either version 1.3 of this license or any later version. The latest version of this license is available at %% latex-project.org/lppl.txt. Version 1.3, or later, is part of all distributions of LaTeX version 2005/12/01 or later. \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} \documentclass{cje} % for authors % \documentclass[review]{cje} % for reviewers % % double spaced with line numbers % \documentclass[proof]{cje} % for typesetters % % with line numbers and typesetting details % typesetters to add the following data for [proof] version (these are the defaults): % \pubyear{20XX} \volume{00} \issueno{0} %(line1) % \monthyearen{January 20XX} \monthyearfr{Janvier 20XX} %(line2) % \issn{0000-0000} % note - page range generated from labels: % \label{firstpage}--\label{lastpage} %(line3) % \articleref{00000} \dispatch{01.01.20XX} \noofpages{00} %(line4) \usepackage{cjenatbib} \usepackage{url} % check if we are compiling under latex or pdflatex \ifx\pdftexversion\undefined \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} \else \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx} \usepackage{epstopdf} \epstopdfsetup{suffix=} \fi \usepackage{tabularx} \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating} \usepackage{floatpag} \rotfloatpagestyle{empty} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \theoremstyle{plain}% default \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma} \newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition} \newtheorem*{corollary}{Corollary} \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{definition}{Definition} \newtheorem{example}{Example} \theoremstyle{remark} \newtheorem*{remark}{Remark} \newtheorem*{case}{Case} \usepackage{lmodern} %this makes Latin Modern the default for all three LaTeX font families (roman, sans serif and typewriter). You also need \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}%for text \usepackage{textcomp}%to be able to use any of the TS1-encoding symbols \usepackage{upquote} \usepackage{hyperref} \def\citeapos#1{\citeauthor{#1}'s (\citeyear{#1})} \hypersetup{% pdftitle = {Author guide to Canadian Journal of Economics \LaTeXe\ class file (v. 1.07, 2023)}, pdfauthor = {Author One, Author Two, Author Three, Author Four and Author Five}, citecolor=blue, urlcolor=blue, colorlinks = true, } \bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;} \begin{document} \label{firstpage} % shortened version of title [in square brackets] for running head \title[Guide to \texttt{cje} \LaTeXe\ class]{Guide to Canadian Journal of Economics \LaTeXe\ class file (v. 1.07, 2023)} % summary of authors for running head \authors{A. One, A. Two, A. Three, A. Four and A. Five} % authors and affiliations \authorone{Author One}{Federal Reserve Bank of Boston} \authortwo{Author Two}{Division of Economics, Western Technological University} \authorthree{Author Three and Author Four}{Department of Economics, Peterson University} \authorfour{Author Five}{Boston School of Economics and Political Science} \abstract{The \LaTeXe\ class file for the \emph{Canadian Journal of Economics} is derived from \texttt{article.cls}. This guide provides you with all the information you need to use \texttt{cje.cls}. Before submitting your manuscript, please be sure your source files compile without any errors. The journal uses Latin Modern Roman and is printed in black and white, so be sure any colour graphics are designed so they will appear correctly in black and white or provide black and white versions suitable for the print journal along with the colour versions (colour graphics will appear in colour in the online version). Include an English abstract of no more than 160 words, if possible, and a French abstract, if available. If you don't have a French version of your abstract, the English abstract will be translated by Gilles Paquet, Professor Emeritus at the University of Ottawa. Our thanks to Professor Paquet for his ongoing devotion to this task. If you have any questions or would like to signal any corrections to the class file or this guide, please contact Kim Nesbitt, CJE copyeditor, at \texttt{CJE-copyeditor@outlook.com}.} \resume{If you do not provide a French abstract, the English abstract will be translated into French and inserted here.} \JEL{H77, Q56, H41} \acknowledgements{The Canadian Economics Association wishes to thank Patrick W. Daly for making the development of \texttt{cjebibstyle.bst} possible and Ali Woollatt for her work on creating this package and documentation. Thank you to Karl Berry, James S. Hefferon, CTAN and the friendly and helpful members of the \TeX\ Users Group (TUG) for their technical assistance, guidance and advice.\\ Corresponding author: Kim Nesbitt, CJE-copyeditor@outlook.com} \maketitle \section{Using the \texttt{cje} class file} Download the latest version from \url{www.ctan.org/pkg/cje}. This guide has examples of most environments you're likely to need. \subsection{\texttt{cje.cls} package files} The distribution package contains the following files.\\[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{tabular}{@{}ll} \texttt{readme.txt} & readme file\\ \texttt{cjetemplate.tex} & Template shell containing only code\\ \texttt{cjeguide.tex} & Detailed instructions for authors, written in CJE style\\ \texttt{cjeguide.pdf} & PDF of detailed instructions for authors, written in CJE style\\ \texttt{canadian-flag.eps} & figures~1 and 2, required for cjeguide.tex\\ \texttt{cje.cls} & CJE class file\\ \texttt{cjebibstyle.bst} & CJE bibliography style file\\ \texttt{cjenatbib.sty} & CJE style file for citations\\ \texttt{cjeupmath.sty} & CJE style file for non-italic Greek characters\\ \texttt{ageingbib.bib} & sample \textsc{Bib}\TeX\ database\\ \mbox{}\\ \end{tabular} \subsection{Additional required files} The following standard files are required for this package. They can be obtained from CTAN if you don't already have them installed.\\[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{tabular}{@{}ll} \texttt{amsbsy.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{cjeupmath.sty}\\ \texttt{amsgen.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{cjeupmath.sty}\\ \texttt{amssymb.sty} & accesses AMS fonts \texttt{msam} and \texttt{msbm}\\ \texttt{amsfonts.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{amssymb.sty}\\ \texttt{amsthm.sty} & for typesetting theorems, proofs, etc.\\ \texttt{amsthdoc.pdf} & documentation for \texttt{amsthm.sty}\\ \texttt{lineno.sty} & style file required for \verb"[review]" and \verb"[proof]" options\\ \texttt{ednmath0.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{lineno.sty}\\ \texttt{edtable.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{lineno.sty}\\ \texttt{vplref.sty} & style file called in by \texttt{lineno.sty}\\ \texttt{graphicx.sty} & graphics style file\\ \texttt{hyperref.sty} & to generate hypertext links\\ \texttt{upquote.sty} & to generate upright quote marks in verbatim\\ \texttt{tabularx.sty} & style file to manipulate columns in tables\\ \texttt{url.sty} & for formatting hypertext links, etc. \end{tabular} \subsection{Typesetting the title page} Typeset authors and affiliations using \verb"\authorone", \verb"\authortwo", \verb"\authorthree", etc., to \verb"\authorten" for authors one to 10. Please keep the title, author(s), abstract, r\'{e}sum\'{e}, JEL classification and acknowledgement sections in the same order as shown below, with \verb"\maketitle" being the last command. CJE uses shortened versions of the title and author names on the running heads. Typeset the shortened version of the title in square brackets immediately after the \verb"\title" command. Use the \verb"\authors" command to define the shortened version of author names (see below for both). Two other class file options are also available: the review option, which can be used to create your initial manuscript for submission, and the proof option, which is used by the typesetters to create the article proof you will subsequently be asked to review and approve. This guide was set using the following code: \begin{smallverbatim} \documentclass{cje} % for authors % \documentclass[review]{cje} % for reviewers % % double spaced with line numbers % \documentclass[proof]{cje} % for typesetters % % with line numbers and typesetting details % typesetters to add the following data for [proof] version (these are the defaults): % \pubyear{20XX} \volume{00} \issueno{0} %(line1) % \monthyearen{January 20XX} \monthyearfr{Janvier 20XX} %(line2) % \issn{0000-0000} % note - page range generated from labels: % \label{firstpage}--\label{lastpage} %(line3) % \articleref{00000} \dispatch{01.01.20XX} \noofpages{00} %(line4) \usepackage{cjenatbib} \usepackage{url} % check if we are compiling under latex or pdflatex \ifx\pdftexversion\undefined \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} \else \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx} \usepackage{epstopdf} \epstopdfsetup{suffix=} \fi \usepackage{tabularx} \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating} \usepackage{floatpag} \rotfloatpagestyle{empty} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \theoremstyle{plain}% default \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma} \newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition} \newtheorem*{corollary}{Corollary} \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{definition}{Definition} \newtheorem{example}{Example} \theoremstyle{remark} \newtheorem*{remark}{Remark} \newtheorem*{case}{Case} \usepackage{lmodern} %this makes Latin Modern the default for all three LaTeX font %families (roman, sans serif and typewriter). You also need \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}%for text \usepackage{textcomp}%to be able to use any of the TS1-encoding symbols \usepackage{upquote} \usepackage{hyperref} \def\citeapos#1{\citeauthor{#1}'s (\citeyear{#1})} \hypersetup{% pdftitle = {Author guide to Canadian Journal of Economics \LaTeXe\ class file (v. 1.07, 2023)}, pdfauthor = {Author One, Author Two, Author Three, Author Four and Author Five}, citecolor=blue, urlcolor=blue, colorlinks = true, } \bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;} \begin{document} \label{firstpage} % shortened version of title [in square brackets] for running head \title[Guide to \texttt{cje} \LaTeXe\ class]{Guide to Canadian Journal of Economics \LaTeXe\ class file (v. 1.07, 2023)} % summary of authors for running head \authors{A. One, A. Two, A. Three, A. Four and A. Five} % authors and affiliations \authorone{Author One}{Federal Reserve Bank of Boston} \authortwo{Author Two}{Division of Economics, Western Technological University} \authorthree{Author Three and Author Four}{Department of Economics, Peterson University} \authorfour{Author Five}{Boston School of Economics and Political Science} \abstract{The \LaTeXe\ class file for the \emph{Canadian Journal of Economics}... If you have any questions or would like to signal any corrections to the class file or this guide, please contact Kim Nesbitt, CJE Copy Editor, at \texttt{CJE-copyeditor@outlook.com}.} \resume{If you do not provide a French abstract, the English abstract will be translated into French and inserted here.} \JEL{H77, Q56, H41} \acknowledgements{The Canadian Economics Association wishes to thank Patrick W. Daly for making the development of \texttt{cjebibstyle.bst} possible and Ali Woollatt for her work on creating this package and documentation. Thank you to Karl Berry, James S. Hefferon, CTAN and the friendly and helpful members of the \TeX\ Users Group (TUG) for their technical assistance, guidance and advice.\\ Corresponding author: Kim Nesbitt, \url{CJE-copyeditor@outlook.com}} \maketitle \section{Using the \texttt{cje} class file} \end{smallverbatim} \subsection{User-defined macros} If you define your own macros, ensure the names you give them do not conflict with any existing macros in plain \TeX\ or \LaTeXe. You can check if the macro name is already used by typing \verb"\show\". Place your macros in the preamble, i.e., between \verb"\documentclass" and \verb"\begin{document}".\footnote{Please be sure to remove (comment out) any macros you've created but didn't use in your article.} \subsection{Lists} The \texttt{cje} class file provides for numbered (\verb"enumerate") and unnumbered (\verb"itemize") lists. Use a numbered list in hierarchical or chronological lists, such as lists with elements of increasing or decreasing importance or where the sequence is important. Otherwise, use an itemized list. Be sure the structure of each element in the list is parallel (e.g., all begin with nouns or with verbs). The default numbering system for \verb"\begin{enumerate}..." \verb"\end{enumerate}" is Arabic numbers, beginning with ``1.'' Here is an example of a simple enumerate environment: \begin{enumerate} \item Here is the first item of the list. \item Here is the second item of the list. \begin{enumerate}[(b)] \item If you require a sublist (like this one), you can create it with just a little extra coding. Determine which character, (a), (b), (c), etc., is the widest in the list. Then add this as an argument in square braces. See the verbatim text below for the coding. \item Here is the second sublist item. \end{enumerate} \end{enumerate} It was set using the following: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{enumerate} \item Here is the first item of the list. \item Here is the second item of the list. \begin{enumerate}[(b)] \item If you require a sublist (like this one), you can create it with just.... \item Here is the second sublist item. \end{enumerate} \end{enumerate} \end{smallverbatim} % You can change the default numbering to, for example, alpha characters for the top level items and Roman numerals for the sublist items. In the example below, (b) is the widest item label in the list and (ii) is the widest item label in the sublist, so they're placed in square braces following the \verb"\begin{enumerate}" command: \begin{enumerate}[(b)] \usealpha \item Here is the first item of the list. \item Here is the second item of the list. \begin{enumerate}[(ii)] \useroman \item If you require a sublist (like this one), you can create it with just.... \item Here is the second sublist item. \end{enumerate} \end{enumerate} The above list was set using the following code: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{enumerate}[(b)] \usealpha \item Here is the first item of the list. \item Here is the second item of the list. \begin{enumerate}[(ii)] \useroman \item If you require a sublist (like this one), you can create it with just.... \item Here is the second sublist item. \end{enumerate} \end{enumerate} \end{smallverbatim} Itemized lists are set off with bullet points. Sublists are set off with en dashes: \begin{itemize} \item Here is the first item of the list. \item Here is the second item of the list. \begin{itemize} \item Here is a sublist item. \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \subsection{Extracts and epigraphs} Extracts such as this: \begin{extract} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. \end{extract} are typeset using the following: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{extract} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore.... \end{extract} \end{smallverbatim} Epigraphs, such as the one below, are slightly different: \begin{epigraph} The time to begin writing an article is when you have finished it to your satisfaction. By that time you begin to clearly and logically perceive what it is that you really want to say. \epigraphauthor{\textit{Mark Twain's Notebook}, 1902--1903} \end{epigraph} and are typeset using: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{epigraph} The time to begin writing an article is when... ...what it is that you really want to say. \epigraphauthor{\textit{Mark Twain's Notebook}, 1902--1903} \end{epigraph} \end{smallverbatim} \subsection{Margin notes} The \texttt{cje} class file redefines the \LaTeX\ command \verb"\marginpar". If you want to add a margin note such as the one to the right,\marginpar{Copyeditor: Use updated figure} type: \verb"\marginpar{Use 2016 figures}". The copyeditor or typesetters will remove all margin notes from the final proof. \subsection{Tables} If you use labels to refer to the tables, the \verb"\caption" command must come before the \verb"\label" command. Do not use vertical rules in tables. See section~\ref{landtables} for information on typesetting landscape tables. If your table has footnotes, you must use the \texttt{minipage} environment for them to be output in the correct position (see table~\ref{forecast}). The source code for table~\ref{forecast} is shown immediately below the table, reproduced courtesy of David Amdur and Eylem Ersal Kiziler. \begin{table}%table1 \caption{Forecast error variance decomposition for the US current-account-to-GDP ratio (in percent)} \label{forecast} \begin{minipage}{28pc}% you need this line only if your table has notes and/or footnotes % (28pc is the text width) \begin{tabular}{@{}lrrrr@{}}\hline Horizon/Shock\tablenote{NOTES: Do not include closing punctuation in table titles. If a table has notes and/or footnotes, you must create the table inside a \texttt{minipage} environment.} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_g^H$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_g^F$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_z^H$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_z^F$}\\ \hline 1 quarter & 45.2 & 52.2 & 0.8 & 1.9\\ 4 quarters & 41.4 & 54.9 & 0.8 & 2.8\\ 8 quarters & 39.5 & 55.9 & 0.8 & 3.8\\ 16 quarters & 38.9 & 56.0 & 0.8 & 4.6\footnote{An example of a table footnote.}\\ \finalhline \end{tabular} \end{minipage}% you need this line only if your table has notes and/or footnotes \vspace\baselineskip\hrule % to separate verbatim from table \vspace\baselineskip % Table \ref{forecast} was set with the following code: \begin{verbatim} \begin{table}%table1 \caption{Forecast error variance decomposition for the US current-account-to-GDP ratio (in percent)} \label{forecast} \begin{minipage}{28pc}% you need this line only if your table has notes and/or %footnotes % (28pc is the text width) \begin{tabular}{@{}lrrrr@{}}\hline Horizon/Shock\tablenote{NOTES: Do not include closing punctuation in table titles. If a table has notes and/or footnotes, you must create the table inside a \texttt{minipage} environment.} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_g^H$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_g^F$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_z^H$} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\epsilon_z^F$}\\ \hline 1 quarter & 45.2 & 52.2 & 0.8 & 1.9\\ 4 quarters & 41.4 & 54.9 & 0.8 & 2.8\\ 8 quarters & 39.5 & 55.9 & 0.8 & 3.8\\ 16 quarters & 38.9 & 56.0 & 0.8 & 4.6\footnote{An example of a table footnote.}\\ \finalhline \end{tabular} \end{minipage}% you need this line only if your table has notes and/or footnotes \end{table} \end{verbatim} \vspace\baselineskip\hrule % to separate verbatim from text \end{table} \subsection{Figures} If you use labels to refer to the figures, the \verb"\caption" command must come before the \verb"\label" command. See section~\ref{landfigures} for information on typesetting landscape figures. If possible, provide figures as .eps or .pdf files. Use strong black lines of at least 0.75pt at final printed size. Avoid differentiating or identifying elements in your figures with shading because it may be difficult to discern in black and white. Instead, use bars, dots, diamonds, etc. Be aware that colour figures will be converted to monochrome for the print version. Use the Latin Modern font family for all text if possible, or Times New Roman if not possible. Do not set figures in boxes. You can consult the publisher's guidelines for electronic artwork at \href{http://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/Prepare/manuscript-preparation-guidelines.html}{authorservices.wiley.com/bauthor/illustration.asp}. \begin{figure}%fig1 \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{canadian-flag.eps} \caption{The national flag of Canada \figurenote NOTE: Canada's flag was approved by resolution of the House of Commons on December 15, 1964, followed by the Senate on December 17, 1964. It was proclaimed by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, to take effect on February 15, 1965. The official ceremony inaugurating the new Canadian flag was held on Parliament Hill that same day.} \label{flag} \vspace\baselineskip\hrule % to separate figure from verbatim \vspace\baselineskip Figure \ref{flag} was set using the following: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{figure}%fig1 \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{canadian-flag.eps} \caption{The national flag of Canada \figurenote NOTE: Canada's flag was approved by resolution of....} \label{flag} \end{figure} \end{smallverbatim} \vspace\baselineskip\hrule % to separate verbatim from text \end{figure} \subsection{Landscape tables and figures (using \texttt{rotating.sty})} You can typeset your tables and figures (floats) to be landscape using the \texttt{rotating.sty} package. This package uses rotation facilities from the \texttt{graphicx} package. The bottom of landscape tables and figures should always be on the right-hand side of the page (this is taken care of by using the \verb"[figuresright]" option). Ideally, none of the wording should be upside down when the journal is upright, although this may be unavoidable with large graphs. In addition to using \texttt{rotating.sty}, include \texttt{floatpag.sty} and the command \verb"\rotfloatpagestyle{empty}". This combination ensures that headers and footers don't appear on float pages: \begin{smallverbatim} \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating} \usepackage{floatpag} \rotfloatpagestyle{empty} \end{smallverbatim} \subsubsection{Coding for landscape tables} \label{landtables} Table~\ref{sideways} has been reproduced courtesy of Federico J. D\'iez and Alan C. Spearot. The following coding was used to create table~\ref{sideways}: % \begin{smallverbatim} \newcolumntype{Y}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} % \begin{sidewaystable}%table2 \caption{Host and source market potential -- Within country pair -- OLS} \label{sideways} \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}lYYYYYYYYYY@{}}\hline & (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) & (5) & (6) & (7) & (8) & (9) & (10) \\\hline log(\textit{Host GDPPC})& 0.187\rlap{$^{***}$} & 0.230\rlap{$^{***}$} & 0.190\rlap{$^{***}$}& 0.225\rlap{$^{***}$}\\ & (0.067) & (0.072) & (0.069) & (0.074)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Source GDPPC}) &&& $\llap{$-$}$0.016 & 0.049\\ &&&(0.081) & (0.087)\\[3pt] $\Delta$ log(\textit{Host GDPPC}) &&&&&0.085 & 0.109\rlap{$^{*}$}\\ &&&&&(0.054) & (0.062)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Host GDP}) &&&&&&& 0.144\rlap{$^{**}$} & 0.176\rlap{$^{***}$}\\ &&&&&&& (0.062) & (0.066)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Source GDP}) &&&&&&& $\llap{$-$}$0.059 & $\llap{$-$}$0.007\\ &&&&&&&(0.070) & (0.076)\\ $\Delta$ log(\textit{Host GDPPC}) &&&&&&&&& 0.095\rlap{$^{*}$} & 0.116\rlap{$^{*}$}\\ &&&&&&&&&(0.053) & (0.062)\\[3pt] Observations & 6,583 & 5,935 & 6,520 & 5,872 & 6,497 & 5,857 & 6,520 & 5,872 & 6,497 & 5,857\\[3pt] $R^2$ & 0.560 & 0.567 & 0.556 & 0.563 & 0.559 & 0.565 & 0.556 & 0.563 & 0.559 & 0.565\\[3pt] Cross-border only & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes\footnotetext{NOTES: Dependent variable is the share of full acquisitions. Estimation technique is OLS. Unit of observation is host nation-source nation-time. Host-source and year fixed effects. Robust standard errors in parentheses. $^{***}p<0.001$, $^{**}p<0.05$, $^{*}p<0.1$.}\\ \finalhline \end{tabularx} \end{sidewaystable} \end{smallverbatim} \newcolumntype{Y}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} % \begin{sidewaystable}%table2 \caption{Host and source market potential -- Within country pair -- OLS} \label{sideways} \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}lYYYYYYYYYY@{}}\hline & (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) & (5) & (6) & (7) & (8) & (9) & (10) \\\hline log(\textit{Host GDPPC})& 0.187\rlap{$^{***}$} & 0.230\rlap{$^{***}$} & 0.190\rlap{$^{***}$}& 0.225\rlap{$^{***}$}\\ & (0.067) & (0.072) & (0.069) & (0.074)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Source GDPPC}) &&& $\llap{$-$}$0.016 & 0.049\\ &&&(0.081) & (0.087)\\[3pt] $\Delta$ log(\textit{Host GDPPC}) &&&&&0.085 & 0.109\rlap{$^{*}$}\\ &&&&&(0.054) & (0.062)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Host GDP}) &&&&&&& 0.144\rlap{$^{**}$} & 0.176\rlap{$^{***}$}\\ &&&&&&& (0.062) & (0.066)\\[3pt] log(\textit{Source GDP}) &&&&&&& $\llap{$-$}$0.059 & $\llap{$-$}$0.007\\ &&&&&&&(0.070) & (0.076)\\ $\Delta$ log(\textit{Host GDPPC}) &&&&&&&&& 0.095\rlap{$^{*}$} & 0.116\rlap{$^{*}$}\\ &&&&&&&&&(0.053) & (0.062)\\[3pt] Observations & 6,583 & 5,935 & 6,520 & 5,872 & 6,497 & 5,857 & 6,520 & 5,872 & 6,497 & 5,857\\[3pt] $R^2$ & 0.560 & 0.567 & 0.556 & 0.563 & 0.559 & 0.565 & 0.556 & 0.563 & 0.559 & 0.565\\[3pt] Cross-border only & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes\footnotetext{NOTES: Dependent variable is the share of full acquisitions. Estimation technique is OLS. Unit of observation is host nation-source nation-time. Host-source and year fixed effects. Robust standard errors in parentheses. $^{***}p<0.001$, $^{**}p<0.05$, $^{*}p<0.1$.}\\ \finalhline \end{tabularx} \end{sidewaystable} \subsubsection{Coding for landscape figures} \label{landfigures} The landscape figure (figure~\ref{sidewaysflag}) was typeset using the following code: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{sidewaysfigure}%fig2 \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{canadian-flag.eps} \caption{The national flag of Canada} \label{sidewaysflag} \end{sidewaysfigure} \end{smallverbatim} \begin{sidewaysfigure}%fig2 \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{canadian-flag.eps} \caption{The national flag of Canada} \label{sidewaysflag} \end{sidewaysfigure} %________________________________________________________________________ \section{Mathematics} \subsection{Equations} Equations are indented 12 points: \begin{equation} \label{eqnexample} (\delta + k)e_2 + \delta \left[\mu e_{1H} + (1-\mu)e_{1L}\right]=k. \end{equation} Equation~\eqref{eqnexample} was set using the following code: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{equation} \label{eqnexample} (\delta + k)e_2 + \delta \left[\mu e_{1H} + (1-\mu)e_{1L}\right]=k. \end{equation} \end{smallverbatim} Align equations on equals signs whenever possible. If you need to split an equation, because it will extend beyond the right page margin for example, try to break it before an operator. Ensure that pairs of opening and closing parentheses appearing on separate lines are the same size (see equation~\ref{alignexample}). Also note that the extra space around alignments normally found in \LaTeX\ class files has been removed. For example: \begin{eqnarray} \label{alignexample} \tilde t_a^B &=& \frac{\alpha}{\tilde d_a}\left[ \left(s_a^4 - 4s_a^3 + 3s_a^2 + 6s_a - 12\right) \left(\lambda_a^B\right)^2 \right.\nonumber\\ && + \left(-2s_a^3 + 9s_a^2 - 4s_a - 25\right)\lambda_a^B + 4\left(s_a^2 - 3s_a + 1\right)\!\bigg]. \end{eqnarray} Equation~\eqref{alignexample} was set using the following code: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{eqnarray} \label{alignexample} \tilde t_a^B &=& \frac{\alpha}{\tilde d_a}\left[ \left(s_a^4 - 4s_a^3 + 3s_a^2 + 6s_a - 12\right) \left(\lambda_a^B\right)^2 \right.\nonumber\\ && + \left(-2s_a^3 + 9s_a^2 - 4s_a - 25\right)\lambda_a^B + 4\left(s_a^2 - 3s_a + 1\right)\!\bigg]. \end{eqnarray} \end{smallverbatim} In equations that extend over more than one line, the equation number will appear on the last line. \subsection{Typesetting non-italic (upright) Greek characters} \label{Greekchar} The \texttt{cjeupmath} package provides macros for upright lowercase Greek (\verb"\ualpha"--\verb"\uxi") characters and upright bold lowercase Greek (\verb"\ubalpha"--\verb"\ubxi") characters. However, use \verb"\uboldeta" for the bold upright symbol \verb"\eta". In order to use the \texttt{cjeupmath} package, you must have the AMS \verb"eurm/b" fonts installed. The AMS packages are supplied with the AMS\,\LaTeX\ distribution. If you have the AMS\,\LaTeX\ distribution installed, you will not need the \texttt{ams*.sty} files supplied in the \texttt{cje} distribution package (it's a good idea to check whether there's a more recent AMS distribution). For upright characters, add the prefix \verb"u"; for upright bold characters, add the prefix \verb"ub":\\[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{tabular}{@{}p{6pt}p{30pt}@{\hspace{45pt}}p{6pt}l} $\ualpha$ & \verb"$\ualpha$" & $\ubalpha$ & \verb"$\ubalpha$"\\ $\ubeta$ & \verb"$\ubeta$" & $\ubbeta$ & \verb"$\ubbeta$"\\ $\ugamma$ & \verb"$\ugamma$" & $\ubgamma$ & \verb"$\ubgamma$"\\ $\udelta$ & \verb"$\udelta$" & $\ubdelta$ & \verb"$\ubdelta$" \end{tabular}\\[0.5\baselineskip] If you don't have the AMS fonts installed, you should still use the above commands. The characters will be substituted by the typesetter. \subsection{Typesetting the partial symbol} The \texttt{cjeupmath} package also provides \verb"\upartial" and \verb"\ubpartial". If you have the AMS fonts installed, you can use the style file \texttt{cjeupmath.sty} to typeset the partial symbol:\\[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{tabular}{@{}p{6pt}p{30pt}@{\hspace{45pt}}p{6pt}l} $\upartial$ & \verb"$\upartial$" & $\ubpartial$ & \verb"$\ubpartial$"\\ \end{tabular}\\[0.5\baselineskip] As mentioned in section~\ref{Greekchar}, if you don't have the AMS fonts installed, you should still use the above commands. \section{Theorems, definitions, remarks, proofs, etc.} Many authors use \texttt{amsthm.sty} for typesetting these elements, so it has been included in the \texttt{cje} distribution. Therefore, include the following lines in the preamble: \begin{smallverbatim} \documentclass{cje} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \end{smallverbatim} If you don't have any theorems, proofs, etc., you won't need \texttt{amsthm.sty}. %but you do need to include it to run this guide through \LaTeX. Note that if you're also using \texttt{amsmath.sty}, you \emph{must} place it before \texttt{amsmath.sty}. The instructions for \texttt{amsmath.sty} are given in \texttt{amsthdoc.pdf}. They can be dowloaded from \href{http://ctan.org/}{ctan.org}. The following subsections discuss the basic features along with some additional ones. If you don't include the \verb"\theoremstyle" command, the \texttt{plain} style will be used. To specify different styles, divide your \verb"\newtheorem" commands into groups and preface each group with the appropriate \verb"\theoremstyle". \subsection{amsthm ``plain'' style} Use the \verb"plain" style for theorems, lemmas, corollaries, propositions, conjectures, criterion and algorithms. You can turn off numbering by using the starred version of \verb"newtheorem". The below code: \begin{smallverbatim} \theoremstyle{plain}% default \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma} \newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition} \newtheorem*{corollary}{Corollary} \begin{theorem} The first fundamental theorem of welfare economics states\ldots \end{theorem} \begin{proposition} The effects of the target's market potential\ldots \end{proposition} \begin{lemma} \label{Lucas} If a separating equilibrium exists, in such an equilibrium\ldots \end{lemma} \begin{corollary} Within target market $j$, domestic acquisitions\ldots \end{corollary} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{theorem} The first fundamental theorem of welfare economics states\ldots \end{theorem} \begin{proposition} The effects of the target's market potential\ldots \end{proposition} \begin{lemma} \label{Lucas} If a separating equilibrium exists, in such an equilibrium\ldots \end{lemma} \begin{corollary} Within target market $j$, domestic acquisitions\ldots \end{corollary} \noindent (Note the starred version of \verb"newtheorem" produced an unnumbered corollary.) \subsection{amsthm ``definition'' style} \label{amsdefn} The \texttt{definition} style is typically used for definitions, conditions, problems and examples, as follows: \begin{smallverbatim} \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{definition}{Definition} \newtheorem{example}{Example} \begin{definition} The separating equilibrium distinguishes the two types of\ldots \end{definition} \begin{definition} Under state $H$, the separating equilibrium degenerates to\ldots \end{definition} \begin{example} Consider the above analysis of\ldots \end{example}, \end{smallverbatim} which produces the following output: \begin{definition} The separating equilibrium distinguishes the two types of\ldots \end{definition} \begin{definition} Under state $H$, the separating equilibrium degenerates to\ldots \end{definition} \begin{example} Consider the above analysis of\ldots \end{example} \subsection{amsthm ``remark'' style} The \texttt{remark} style is typically used for remarks, notes, notations, claims, summaries, acknowledgements, cases and conclusions: \begin{smallverbatim} \theoremstyle{remark} \newtheorem*{remark}{Remark} \newtheorem*{case}{Case} \begin{remark} In the pooling equilibria, the expected total loss\ldots \end{remark} \begin{case} We now move back to the stage in which\ldots \end{case} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{remark} In the pooling equilibria, the expected total loss\ldots \end{remark} \begin{case} We now move back to the stage in which\ldots \end{case} \subsection{Proofs} \label{proofs} The \verb"proof" environment is part of the \texttt{amsthm} package and provides a consistent format for proofs. For example: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{proof} For $i=H,L$, the first order condition~(6) implies.... \end{proof} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{proof} For $i=H,L$, the first order condition~(6) implies.... \end{proof} \subsubsection{Changing the word ``Proof''} You can substitute the word ``\textit{Proof}'' with another word or phrase using an optional argument. In the above example, ``\textit{Proof}'' becomes ``\textit{Proof of lemma~\ref{Lucas}}.'' \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{proof}[Proof of lemma~\ref{Lucas}] For $i=H,L$, the first order condition~(6) implies.... \end{proof} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{proof}[Proof of lemma~\ref{Lucas}] For $i=H,L$, the first order condition~(6) implies.... \end{proof} \subsubsection{Typesetting a proof without \qedsymbol} This is not part of the \texttt{amsthm} package. To accomplish this, use the \verb"proof*" version. For example: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{proof*} We prove this part of the proposition in two steps.... \end{proof*} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{proof*} We prove this part of the proposition in two steps.... \end{proof*} \subsubsection{Placing the \qedsymbol\ after a displayed equation} To avoid the \qedsymbol\ dropping onto the following line at the end of a proof: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{proof*} Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared: \[ \equationqed{E=mc^2.} \] \end{proof*} \end{smallverbatim} This produces the following output: \begin{proof*} Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared: \[ \equationqed{E=mc^2.} \] \end{proof*} \subsubsection{Placing the \qedsymbol\ after a displayed eqnarray} This is not part of the amsthm package. To accomplish this, use the \verb"proof*" version and add \verb"\arrayqed" and \verb"\arrayqedhere", as shown in this example: \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{proof*} The following equations prove the theorem: \arrayqed \begin{eqnarray} F_G^{k,j} &=& \psi_G\cdot d_{k,j},\nonumber\\[3pt] F_A^{k,j} &=& \tilde F_A + \psi_A \cdot d_{k,j}. \arrayqedhere \end{eqnarray} \end{proof*} \end{smallverbatim} produces the following output: \begin{proof*} The following equations prove the theorem: \arrayqed \begin{eqnarray} F_G^{k,j} &=& \psi_G\cdot d_{k,j},\nonumber\\[3pt] F_A^{k,j} &=& \tilde F_A + \psi_A \cdot d_{k,j}. \arrayqedhere \end{eqnarray} \end{proof*} \section{References} All in-text citations must include the author name(s) and year of publication (e.g., ``In \cite{Lucas90}\ldots'', ``According to \cite{Van-Zon}\ldots'', ``\cite{Mas-Colell} and \cite{Glomm92} have shown\ldots''). Before submitting your final files, please ensure there is an entry in the reference list for each source cited in the paper and vice versa. The best way to accomplish this is by using \textsc{Bib}\upshape{\TeX} and a bib database. \subsection{Creating your reference list using \textsc{Bib}\upshape{\TeX}} If you're creating your reference list using \textsc{Bib}\upshape{\TeX}, please be sure to include your .bib file with your .tex file. \\ \noindent \textbf{IMPORTANT}: Do not paste the contents of your .bbl file into the main .tex file.\\ To generate automatic references from a bib database, place the following two commands where the reference list is to appear: \begin{smallverbatim} \bibliography{ageingbib}% to read ageingbib.bib \bibliographystyle{cjebibstyle}% to impose CJE bibliography style on output \end{smallverbatim} % Next, compile your article twice, then run \textsc{Bib}\TeX and, finally, run your article through \LaTeX\ once more. This series of runs will generate a .bbl file, which is a compilation of only the sources from your. bib file that were cited in your article, and insert the contents of the .bbl file in your .tex file as the reference list, formatted to CJE reference style. For example, if you've cited only these 10 sources from your bib database that contains 200 sources: \cite{Glomm92}, \cite{Mas-Colell}, \cite{Atkinson}, \cite{Van-Zon}, \cite{Danzon}, \cite{vanderPolGairns2000}, \cite{Lucas90}, \cite{Mendoza1991}, \cite{Glomm97}, \cite{Aisa04} and \cite{LiSK12}, only these 10 references will appear as the reference list. See the last page of this guide for the reference list output. \subsubsection{\texttt{natbib} commands for in-text citations} The standard \texttt{natbib} style file has been modified to impose the CJE reference style. This modified style file is called \texttt{cjenatbib.sty} (included in the \texttt{cje} distribution) and works exactly the same as \texttt{natbib.sty}. Here are some of the \verb"\cite" commands available (please refer to the \texttt{natbib} documentation at \url{www.ctan.org/pkg/natbib?lang=en} if you would like more information):\\*[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{tabular}{@{}ll} \cite{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\cite{Lucas90}"\\ \cite{Lucas90, Mas-Colell} & \indexsize\verb"\cite{Lucas90, Mas-Colell}"\\ \citep{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\citep{Lucas90}"\\ \citep[see][p. $\,$34]{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\citep[see][p. $\,$34]{Lucas90}"\\ \citep[e.g.,][]{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\citep[e.g.,][]{Lucas90}"\\ \citep[section 2.3]{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\citep[section 2.3]{Lucas90}"\\ \citep{Lucas90, Mas-Colell} & \indexsize\verb"\citep{Lucas90, Mas-Colell}"\\ \citeyearpar{Lucas90} & \indexsize\verb"\citeyearpar{Lucas90}"\\*[0.5\baselineskip] \end{tabular} \noindent See the last page of this guide for the reference list output. If you want to a generate possessive citation, e.g., \citeapos{Lucas90}, use the \verb"\citeapos{key}" command. To use this command, you must include the following line in your document preamble: \verb"\def\citeapos#1{\citeauthor{#1}'s (\citeyear{#1})}" \subsection{Creating your reference list manually} If you aren't using a .bib file and the \texttt{cjebibstyle.bst} bibliography style file (CJE preferred method), you can either create a reference list in plain text or produce the same output as shown at the end of this guide by typing the references in the format shown below. \\ \noindent \textbf{NOTE:} If you don't produce your reference list using \textsc{Bib}\TeX, you will be asked at the proof stage to verify that each in-text citation appears in the reference list and vice versa. \\ Capitalize only the first word of article titles, any proper nouns and the first word of a subtitle (word after a colon). For book titles, capitalize all words except prepositions of three or fewer letters. For page ranges, use an en dash (\verb"--") not a hyphen (-). Include the entire second number of the range for pages 1 to 99 but only the last two digits of the second number if above 100 (e.g., 226--54, 890--99) unless more are needed for accuracy/clarity (e.g., 190--208, 998--1004).\\ \noindent \textbf{Example of a manual reference list} \begin{smallverbatim} \begin{thebibliography}{10} \newcommand{\enquote}[1]{``#1''} \bibitem[{Aisa and Pueyo(2004)}]{Aisa04} Aisa, R., and F. Pueyo (2004) \enquote{Endogenous longevity, health and economic growth: A slow growth for a longer life?,} \emph{Economics Bulletin} 9, 1--10 \bibitem[{Atkinson and Stiglitz(1980)}]{Atkinson} Atkinson, A., and J. Stiglitz (1980) \emph{Lectures on Public Economics}, New York: McGraw-Hill \bibitem[{Danzon and Epstein(2012)}]{Danzon} Danzon, P.M., and A. J. Epstein (2012) \enquote{Effects of regulation on drug launch and pricing in interdependent markets.} In K. Bolin and R. Kaestner, eds., \emph{The Economics of Medical Technology}, vol. 23, pp. 35--71. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited \bibitem[{Glomm and Ravikumar(1992)}]{Glomm92} Glomm, G., and B. Ravikumar (1992) \enquote{Public versus private investment in human capital endogenous growth and income inequality,} \emph{Journal of Political Economy} 100, 813--34 \bibitem[{Glomm and Ravikumar(1997)}]{Glomm97} ------ (1997) \enquote{Productive government expenditures and long-run growth,} \emph{Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control} 21, 183--204 \bibitem[{Li et al.(2012)Li, Shrivastava, and K{\"o}nig}]{LiSK12} Li, P., A. Shrivastava, and A. C. K{\"o}nig (2012) \enquote{{GPU}-based minwise hashing,} in \emph{Proceedings of the 21st World Wide Web Conference (WWW 2012) (Companion Volume)}, pp. 565--66 \bibitem[{Lucas(1990)}]{Lucas90} Lucas, R. (1990) \enquote{Supply-side economics: An analytical review,} \emph{Oxford Economic Papers} 42, 293--316 \bibitem[{Mas-Colell et al.(1995)Mas-Colell, Whinston, and Green}]{Mas-Colell} Mas-Colell, A., M. D. Whinston, and J. R. Green (1995) \emph{Microeconomic Theory}, Oxford: Oxford University Press \bibitem[{Mendoza(1991)}]{Mendoza1991} Mendoza, E. G. (1991) \enquote{Real business cycles in a small open economy,} \emph{American Economic Review} 81, 717--818 \bibitem[{van der Pol and Cairns(2000)}]{vanderPolGairns2000} van der Pol, M. M., and J. A. Cairns (2000) \enquote{Zero and negative time preference for health,} \emph{Health Economics} 9, 171--75 \bibitem[{Van-Zon and Muysken(2001)}]{Van-Zon} Van-Zon, A., and J. Muysken (2001) \enquote{Health and endogenous growth,} \emph{Journal of Health Economics} 20, 169--85 \end{thebibliography} \end{smallverbatim} %\oneappendix \appendix \section{Typesetting a single appendix} \label{single} Appendices appear before the reference section. To create a single appendix (it won't be numbered): \begin{smallverbatim} \oneappendix \section{Typesetting a single appendix} : \end{smallverbatim} Numbering of appendix tables, figures, equations, etc., begins at A1: \begin{eqnarray} \label{appeqnone} c_t(x;\Xi_t,\Theta) &=& \alpha[(1-\tau_0x)w_th_t - \tau_1x - h_t^\sigma],\nonumber\\[3pt] d_t(x;\Xi_t,\Theta) &=& \frac{\beta w_t h_t + 2\varepsilon r_t(x))}{r_t(x)(bw_t h_t + \varepsilon r_t(x))} \left[(1-\tau_0 x)w_t h_t - \tau_1 x -h_t^\sigma\right] \end{eqnarray} Single appendix headings are numbered as follows: \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{Appendix:\enskip $\langle$section heading$\rangle$} \item {\bfseries\textit{A1. $\langle$subsection heading$\rangle$}} \item \textit{A1.1. $\langle$subsubsection heading$\rangle$} \end{itemize} \section{Typesetting two or more appendices} \label{multiple} Multiple appendices are numbered A1, A2, A3, A4, etc. The two appendices in this guide were typeset using: \begin{smallverbatim} \appendix \section{Typesetting a single appendix} : \section{Typesetting two or more appendices} : \end{smallverbatim} The sections in appendix~\ref{single} are: \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{Appendix A1:\enskip $\langle$section heading$\rangle$} \item {\bfseries\textit{A1. $\langle$subsection heading$\rangle$}} \item \textit{A1.1. $\langle$subsubsection heading$\rangle$} \end{itemize} The sections in appendix~\ref{multiple} are: \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{Appendix A2:\enskip $\langle$section heading$\rangle$} \item {\bfseries\textit{A2. $\langle$subsection heading$\rangle$}} \item \textit{A2.1. $\langle$subsubsection heading$\rangle$} \end{itemize} % authors generating their own bbl file would uncomment the next two command lines, replace ``ageingbib'' with the name of their .bib file and delete the bibliography commands and entries below: % \bibliography{ageingbib}% to read ageingbib.bib % \bibliographystyle{cjebibstyle} % to impose CJE bibliography style on output % However, we are going to include the contents of cjetemplate.bbl here: \begin{thebibliography}{10} \newcommand{\enquote}[1]{``#1''} \providecommand{\natexlab}[1]{#1} \bibitem[{Aisa and Pueyo(2004)}]{Aisa04} Aisa, R., and F. Pueyo (2004) \enquote{Endogenous longevity, health and economic growth: A slow growth for a longer life?,} \emph{Economics Bulletin} 9, 1--10 \bibitem[{Atkinson and Stiglitz(1980)}]{Atkinson} Atkinson, A., and J. Stiglitz (1980) \emph{Lectures on Public Economics}. New York: McGraw-Hill \bibitem[{Glomm and Ravikumar(1992)}]{Glomm92} Glomm, G., and B. Ravikumar (1992) \enquote{Public versus private investment in human capital endogenous growth and income inequality,} \emph{Journal of Political Economy} 100, 813--34 \bibitem[{Glomm and Ravikumar(1997)}]{Glomm97} ------ (1997) \enquote{Productive government expenditures and long-run growth,} \emph{Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control} 21, 183--204 \bibitem[{Li et al.(2012)Li, Shrivastava, and K{\"o}nig}]{LiSK12} Li, P., A. Shrivastava, and A. C. K{\"o}nig (2012) \enquote{{GPU}-based minwise hashing.} In \emph{Proceedings of the 21st World Wide Web Conference}, pp. 565--66 \bibitem[{Lucas(1990)}]{Lucas90} Lucas, R. (1990) \enquote{Supply-side economics: An analytical review,} \emph{Oxford Economic Papers} 42, 293--316 \bibitem[{Mas-Colell et al.(1995)Mas-Colell, Whinston, and Green}]{Mas-Colell} Mas-Colell, A., M. D. Whinston, and J. R. Green (1995) \emph{Microeconomic Theory}. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press \bibitem[{Mendoza(1991)}]{Mendoza1991} Mendoza, E. G. (1991) \enquote{Real business cycles in a small open economy,} \emph{American Economic Review} 81, 717--818 \bibitem[{van der Pol and Cairns(2000)}]{vanderPolGairns2000} van der Pol, M.M., and J. A. Cairns (2000) \enquote{Zero and negative time preference for health,} \emph{Health Economics} 9, 171--75 \bibitem[{Van-Zon and Muysken(2001)}]{Van-Zon} Van-Zon, A., and J. Muysken (2001) \enquote{Health and endogenous growth,} \emph{Journal of Health Economics} 20, 169--85 \end{thebibliography} \label{lastpage} \end{document}